Ophthalmologists concerned over rise in UV radiation as summer months scorch in India
Ophthalmologists are now alarmed over the increasing UV
(ultraviolet) radiation in summer which is manifesting eye disorders across all
age groups. The effect of climate change and an evolving El Niño have added to
an upswing in temperature. UV rays can result in progression of cataract and
age related macular degeneration besides eye allergies.
“UV radiation comprises invisible high energy rays that
lie just beyond the violet/blue end of the visible spectrum. More than 99% of
UV radiation is absorbed by the anterior structures of the eye, although some
of it does reach the light-sensitive retina. Ultraviolet radiation can play a
contributory role in the development of various ocular disorders including
age-related cataract, pterygium, photokeratitis and corneal degenerative
changes, and age-related macular degeneration", said Dr. Raghu
Nagaraju, General Ophthalmology, Cornea & Refractive Surgery, Dr. Agarwal’s
Eye Hospital, Bengaluru.
For good eye health during summer, we need sunglasses that
block at least 98% of ultraviolet rays. Those with history of eye allergy need
medicines to prevent recurrence of problem and caution on self-medication,
stated Dr Niranjan K Pehere, Head - The David Brown Children's Eye Care Center,
L V Prasad Eye Institute, Vijayawada.
According to Dr Tandava Krishnan, Senior consultant,
Maxivision Super Speciality Eye Hospitals, Madhapur, Hyderabad, with the
weather becoming hotter and drier, we face newer challenges in keeping our eyes
out of harm’s way. Some conditions like allergic conjunctivitis characterised
by redness of eyes, itching, foreign body sensation and watering of eyes get
aggravated during summer.
Ultraviolet absorbing eye wear provides the greatest measure
of protection, particularly if it has a wraparound design to limit the entry of
peripheral rays. Recent advances in anti reflective coating is blue light
blocking glasses which protects UV radiation emitted from computers and also
from sun help maintain long term eye health, stated Dr. Nagaraju.
With increasing temperature and direct exposure to sunlight,
there is an increased exposure to harmful UV rays. These may result in damage
to the black part of the eye called cornea causing pain and burning sensation.
Most of the readily available cooling glasses have the ability to block UV-B
rays but not the UV-A rays. It is advisable to purchase a good quality lens
which blocks both UV-A and UV-B rays. It is also advisable to use large glasses
which protect the eyes from the sides in order to ensure protection from
reflected light entering eyes from the sides. Polarised glasses offer
protection from excessive glare. Further, it is vital to stay hydrated to
prevent dry eyes, said Dr. Krishnan.
“The scorching heat this summer is taking a toll on the
health of Bengalurians. Cases of photokeratitis & photo conjunctivitis are
on the rise. In order to protect one should avoid rubbing eyes, and not venture
out especially between 10 am and 4 pm as much as possible,” said Dr Sanjana
P, Cornea Consultant, Sankara Eye Hospital.
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